Electric lamp



(No Medel.) 4 sheets-sheet' 1.

J. J. WOOD..

ELECTRIC LAMP.

VJ. No. 279,512. Patented June 12,1883.v

N. PETERS. Phowulhugnplmr. Washmgm. 0.0.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. AJ. WOOD.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

. Patented June 12,1883.

Fay. 2f.

W o MM i N. PErERs, PM10-Lumpur. wang-aupa, D. c.

(No Model.) 4vSArh'eets-Sheet J. J. WOD.

ELEGTRIC-LAMP.

No. 279,512. I Patented June 12,1883.

N4 PETERS, Phulo-lbngrzpher. Wmo, D. C.

4 D 0 O Tm 1.....

BLEGTRIG LAMP.

Patented June f77/vendor.'

N. PETERS4 Phelmmgnphu. vlamingen. D4 C.

' UNITED STATES yPATENT OFFICE.

JAMES J. wOOD7 OE BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

.ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,512, dated June 12, 1883.

Application filed April 6, 1882. (No model.)

l or detent which is brought up against a stoptooth when the armature is attracted to separate the carbon, and is withdrawn from the stop when the armature is retracted to allow the carbon to descend and the `gear-train to run down to feed the earbons.

Heretofore lamps of this kind `have been generally non-focusing, with one carbon only engaged with and. actuated by the vibrating train, the other carbon being fixed; and the object of my present invention is to provide animproved focusing-lamp of .this kind, in

' which both positive and negative carbon-holders will be engaged with the vibrating train, so that both carbons will be regulated or moved simultaneously by the motions of the train in order to keep the arc at a constant point or focus.

To this end the main feature of my improvement lies in a simple connection between the second or negative carbon-holder (which in this case is of course movable) and the spindle of the gear-train, which is geared with the iirst or positive carbon-holder. This connection consists of a rotary axis or shaft mounted in stationary bearings, and geared ou one side with the negative holder and on the other side with the spindle of the vibrating train which meshes with theV positive holder, so that as the train is vibrated up or down by the usual regulating movements both carbon-holders will be moved simultaneously'in opposite directions to or from each other and at proper speeds, as will be understood, thus producing a proper focusing action in a very simple manner.

The invention. also embodies some minor features, as hereinafter fully set forth.

Figure l of the .drawings annexed is a sectional elevation of my improved fo cusing-l amp, having, however., the mechanism removed from the head, or mechanism-case of the lamp. FiO. 2 is au enlarged sectional elevation of the head or mechanism case with its containedmechanism,the line ofview or aspect being the same as in Fig. l, but the carbon-holders being broken off above and below the case.v Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation at right angles to Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of Figs. 2 and 3 with the top of the case removed. Fig. 5 is a detail showing the manner of connecting and adjusting the retractingspring of the armature. Fig. 6 is a detail showing the insulating-coupling in the connecting-shaft between the negative holder and the vibrating train.

The regulating mechanism in this lamp is of precisely the same general design or type shown in several former applications iled by me and it will hence be only necessary to here briefly describe the general mechanism. in. order that the novel parts by which va focusing action is produced with this kind of mechanism, be more fully set forth. ln describing the general mechanism I would therefore first refer to Figs. 2 and' 3, in which a, indicates an `H shaped pendent armature, which plays between two pairs of differential magnets, fi lc, of the usual tubular form, which project toward each other, respectively, from the upper and lower heads, l) b', of the lamp-frame, and inclose the horns of the H armature, as best shown in Fig. 2. This armature is pivoted at the middle by trunnion-screws to an ari'naturelever-frame, d, (see Figs. 2, 3, and 4,) which lever frame is itself pivoted on trunnionscrews c between the fixed standards cc of the lamp-frame, Figs. 3 and 4L, and it carries the usual train of wheels c c. This wheel-train c is itself pivoted to the armature-lever frame at its outer and lower corner on the pivotscrews f, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4, and the' leading pinion e on the first spindle, e, of the train meshes with the rock-teeth on the positive carbon-holder g, while the terminal detent-wheel e of the train approaches a stoptooth,]zf, on a spring, 71., whose inner end is fixed to a post depending from the top head, b', ofthe lamp-frame, while its outer and free end bears upon the upper and outer corner of the wheel-train ,as shown best in Fig. Now, the main magnet i is of course of low resistance and arranged in the direct or arc circuit, while IOO the minor magnet k is of high resistance and arranged in ashnnt around the arc, as usual, so that when the lamp is put in circuit with the carbons together, the main magnet v7 will become strongly attractive and will move the armature c downward and sway the armature-lever d, so as to bodily raise the wheettrain and bring the detent-wheel against the stop-tooth, and thus lift and sustain the positive carboirholder, and thereby produce the separation of the carbon points to form the are. As the carbons burn away, and thus lengthen the arc, the attract-ion ot' the minor or shunt magnet 7s gradually increases, and, lnally, with the assistance o1' the retractingspring Z, overcomes the separatingmagnet fi and moves the armature and wheeltrain in the opposite way, so as to withdraw the detent-wheel from the stop-tooth, and thus release the train of wheels and allow the carbonholder to descend and give the necessary feed to restore the arc to its normal length, and when thus restored the action of the main magnet 'i will again preponderate and bring the detent-wheel against the stop-tooth, and so hold the parts until the next feed is ref quired.

It will therefore be seen that the regulating mechanism, so far as described, may be said to be precisely the same in action and construction as that used in noirfocusing lamps ol' this class, the positive carbon-holder being raised to produce separation and allowed to descend to produce the feed in the usual way. lt will be noted, however, by reference to Fig. l. in connection with Figs. 2 and 3, that instead ol' the positive carbon being held in the lower end ot' the positive holder 0, this end of the holder terminates idly and works in a closed tube, in, which depends from the lower head ol' the lamp-frame, while the main portion of the holder is extended upwardly, in the manner usual in iecusingdainps, through a long tube, lnl, which rises from the upper head, b, and ll'roin the top of the holder a lateral overhanging arm, y, projects, and is provided with a pendant aiigularly-adjustable clamp, q, `l'rom which the positive carbon hangs vertically, `as shown fully in Fig. l. The negative carbon is held in the clamp ol' the negative holder o', which rises in line with the positive carbon ont of'` a guide-tube, s, which extends l'rom the top of the lamp-frame parallel with the guide-tube m ol" the positive holder, as seen best in Fig. l. The lower portion ofthe negative holder is provided with rack-teeth similar to the positive holder, as shown in Fi l., 2, and 3, and terminates within the mechanisili-case, and may descend, when fully depressed, into a short tube, s', which projects l'roni the lower head of the mechanism-case. It will be readily understood, however, that the length and stroke ot' the negative holder is only about halt' as great as that oii the positive holder, as may be seen from Figs. l, 2, and 3, as is usual in focusing-lamps.

tel'ln'ring now to Figs. 2, il, and 4, it will be Fig. 3.

Seen that, according to my improvement, the rack of tlic negative holder meshes with a small pinion, A., fixed on one end et' an inde pendent spindle, B, which spindleis pivoted or j ournaled at each end iniixed bearings or hang ers C C, which project from the head b', and on the opposite end of this spindle is 'fixed a small gear-wheel, D, which gears wit-h a pinion, t, on one end ofthe leading spindle ofthe gear-train, which spindle is ofcourse geared, as before described, by a second pinion, c, with. the rack ot' the positive carbon-holder; hence this spindle 1B, with its wheel l) and pinion A, lforms a positive operative connection which gears the negative carbon-holder with the wheel-train and regulating mechanism of the lamp, and it will be observed., on reference to Figs. 3 and 4, that this spindle is geared on one side of its diameter, through the pinion A, with the negative holder, and on the opposite side of its diameter, through the wheel D, with the gear-train and positive carbonholder, and that the gear-wheel D is oltwicc the diameter of the pinions which mesh with the carbon-holders; hence whatever motions are made by the leading pinions c /U ofthe wheel trai n,whi cli will ofcourse represent the motions ofthe positive carbon, precisely correspoiuling motions will be imparted to the negative carbon, but in the opposite direction and of hall' the extent. Thus, referring to Fig. 3, suppose that the wheel-train is moved bodily upward under the impulse oi" the prcponderating downward attraction of the main nia-guet 'i when producing the separating movement, as indicated by arrows, the positive carbon-holder will ol course be also raised bodily, and the non-rotating pinion 'n will now be moved in a short tangential path, like a rack, over the gear-whcel l), thus partly rotating the same, and thereby slightly depressing the negativeholder r, so that both carbon points will thus be moved or separated simultaneously and at proportionate rates, and will thus produce the proper focusing action at the separating movenient. i

XVe will now consider the action el' parts during the l'eed motion by'rel'erring to llig. 2, where the arrows represent the parts moving in the reverse direction to that indicated in Thus when the wheel-train is sni'lt ciently depressed by the prepondcraling altraction ol' the shunt-magnet so as to withdraw the detenta-wheel l'rom the stop-tooth, the gear-train will be released and the positive cai-boirliolder, which is ofcourse much larger and heavier than the'negative holder, will be free to slowly descend under the action el' gravity and the retarding in tl uence of the gearA train, and in so doing will of course revolve the leading spindle e ot the gear-train in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2,

IOO

IIO

andthe negative ascending, thus producing the proper focusing movement at the feed as well as at the separation, as will be readily understood. The arc will thus be kept at a constant point or focus, notwithstanding the consumption of the carbons, and it will be readily seen that by the simple connection described between the movable negative holder and the vibrating gear-train a very efficient and simple form of focusing-lamp is produced with very little more than the mechanism used in non-focusing lamps of the same type.

A sight-point, t, (see Fig. 1,) projects from the guide-tube m of the positive holder to indicate the proper focusing-point for the carbons, and thus serve as a guide when inserting fresh carbons in the holders.'

As shown in Fig. l, the standard of the lamp is provided with a means of adjustment whereby the body of the lamp may be raised or lowered slightly to better adjust the focus-point of the carbons to the focus of reflectors with which the lamp may be used. This adjustment is made by turning the milled nut w oneway or the other, which nut screws upon the non-rotating` stem y, which stem slides in the pedestal a', and thus raises or lowers the lamp. The nut w is free to turn on the top of the pedestal, but is prevented from moving up or down by a stud which engages a groove around the pedestal, while the screw-stem {1/ is 'free to rise up or down by the action of the nut w, but is prevented from turning by a stud which engages a slot in the stem, as fully shown in Fig. 1.

The retracting-spring Z of the armature-lever I prefer to adjust as shownin Figs. 4 and 5 that is, by means of an elbow-lever, Z, which is pivoted on the ledge of one of the standards c, and whose short arm is first bent downward and then horizontally to overlie the side ofthe standard, and through this overlying end ifs screwed an adjusting-screw, Z, which bears upon the side ofthe standard, so that by screwing this screw in or out the long arm of the lever will be moved up or downto correspondingly increase or decrease the tension of the spring, as will be understood.

The direction ofthe current and the arrangement ofthe insulation are shown best in Figs. 2 and 8, the insulation being indicated by granulation. The circuit-wires connect to the binding-posts 1- which depend from the lower head of the lamp, as seen in Fig. 3. The positive post is in metallic connection with the frame ofthe lamp, and the current hence p asses through the lamp-frame and rises through the positive carbon-holder, and, passing from the positive to the negative carbon, thence descends through the negative holder and its `guide-tube s, which is insulated from the lampframe, as seen best in Fig. 2. rllhe current thence passes from thelower end of the guidetube s to. one end of the main magnet-coils,

which is connected with said tube, as shown in Fig. 2, and, fiowing through the coils of said magnet, the current finally passes off by the negative post, to which the other ends of the coils connect, as seen in Figs. 2 and 3, the negative post being, ofcourse, insulated from the lamp-frame. The ends of the coils of the shunt-magnet k may connect, respectively, to any convenient positive and negative parts of the lamp. I prefer to connect one end with the frame of the lamp, as shown at the top of Fig. 2, and to connect the opposite end with the negative binding-post, or with the end of the main magnet-coils near the binding-post, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The connectingspindle B is electrically divided in the middle, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, by an insulatingcoupling, 2 3, else it would of course form a passage for the direct fiow of the current from the positiveto the negative holder. This coupling, as shown in detail in Fig. 6, consists ofa non-conducting disk, 2, and two little metal hubs or cross-heads, 3 3, which are screwed on opposite sides of the disk at right angles to each other, so as to bc out of metallic contact with each other, and in these hubs the ends of the two sections of the shaft are fixed, as fully shown in Figs. 2 and 6. The end of the shaft which gears with the negative holder, as seen in Fig. 2, is stepped in a socket or bearingscrew, 4L, which is insulated by the non-conducting sleeve 5 from the hanger C, which connects with the lamp-frame, thus preventing electrical connection between the negative holder vand the lamp-frame through the spindle B, as will be understood.

What I claim isv l. The combination, in an electriclamp,with

regulating mechanism equipped with a vibrating wheel-train meshing with one carbon-hol der, of an independent rotary connection or axis mounted in iixed bearings and geared with the vibrating train and with the other carbon-holder, whereby the motions imparted by the vibrating wheel-train to the first carbon-holder, or'vice versa, are simultaneously imparted to the second holder in the opposite direction, thereby producing aproper focusing action at the carbon points, substanti ally as herein shown and described.

2. The combination, with an electric lamp of substantially the described kind, of the independent rotary spindle B, provided with a pinion, A, to gear with one carbon-holder, and a wheel or pinion, D, adapted to gear with the aXis of the wheel-train which gears with the other carbon holder, and divided between said wheel and pinion B D by an insulating-coupling, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JAMES J. VOOD.

W' itnesses:

CHAs. M. HIGGINS, M. J. LEONARD.

IOC) 

